Common failures of the Bitzer 4TC piston are breakage, ablation, and wear. The piston is a vulnerable part, and the price is relatively cheap. Generally, the piston is not repaired in the maintenance of agricultural machinery, but is replaced directly. However, before replacing the new parts, the cause of the piston damage should be found out, and the cause of the piston damage should be analyzed to prevent the same failure from happening again.

Carbon deposits on the Bitzer 4TC piston are mainly deposited on the piston crown. Because the fuel and oil entering the combustion chamber are often not completely burned, carbon deposits will appear on the top of the piston and ring grooves. If there is serious carbon deposition on the top of the piston, it is easy to cause hot ignition and cause abnormal combustion in the engine cylinder; if there is serious carbon deposition in the ring groove, the piston ring is easy to get stuck in the ring groove, resulting in the deterioration of the sealing performance of the cylinder, so it should be cleaned regularly. Carbon deposits in pistons and cylinders. Carbon deposits on the top of the piston can be removed with a scraper. If there is carbon deposits in the piston ring groove, it can be removed by grinding the broken old piston ring into a suitable shape, but care should be taken not to scratch the bottom of the piston ring groove. It can also be removed by chemical method, that is, the piston with serious carbon deposits is soaked in the carbon remover solution for 2 to 3 minutes, and the temperature of the solution is kept at 80 to 95 °C. After taking out the piston, wipe off the carbon deposits with a brush or cotton cloth, then wash it with hot water with 0.1% to 2.3% potassium dichromate added and blow dry.

After the Bitzer 4TC piston is removed, check the top for any abnormality. If there are obvious dents or even cracks caused by the impact, the cause of the fault should be identified and eliminated in time. When the engine is working, the damage to the piston caused by the impact is generally caused by the valve clearance being too small, the valve phase is out of alignment, the valve spring is broken, etc., which cause the piston to collide with the valve, or foreign objects fall into the cylinder during maintenance. The damaged piston can continue to be used if its top is dented but not cracked. If cracks or holes are found, it must be replaced with a new one. Broken pistons should be replaced with new ones.

The main function of the Bitzer 4TC piston is to withstand the combustion pressure in the cylinder and transmit this force to the crankshaft through the piston pin and connecting rod. In addition, the piston also forms the combustion chamber together with the cylinder head and the cylinder wall.

The piston top is an integral part of the combustion chamber, so it is often made into different shapes. The gasoline engine piston top mostly adopts a flat top or a concave top, so as to make the combustion chamber compact, the heat dissipation area is small, and the manufacturing process is simple. Raised top pistons are commonly used in two-stroke gasoline engines. Piston tops of diesel engines are often made of various pits.

The head of the Bitzer 4TC piston is the part above the piston pin seat. The piston head is equipped with a piston ring to prevent high temperature and high pressure gas from entering the crankcase and preventing oil from entering the combustion chamber; most of the heat absorbed by the top of the piston also passes through The piston head is transmitted to the cylinder, which in turn is transmitted away by the cooling medium.